| 1)
INTRODUCTION |
| |
The ports of Kunsan and Changhang located on the
southwestern of the Korean Peninsula.
|
| 2)
APPROACH AND ENTRANCE |
| |
The
approaches to this port from the Yellow Sea lead through the estuary of
the Kum River, with main approach through the south channel. Because of
the bar where the mean low is given as 7.3 meters, entry to the
upstream berths should be effected between three hours before and three
hours after high water and in daylight hours. Night entry is
prohibited, and departure is best made in daylight at high slack.
The
entrance of the main channel is marked by a light buoy moored about
1.8km westsouthwestward of the islet Bieung-Do (Hiyo-To), 35°56′N
126°31′E which lies towards the west end of the mud bank extending from
the shore along the south of the channel.
|
| 3)
TIDES AND WEATHER |
| |
At
Jug-Do, an islet at the entrance of the north channel of Kunsan
harbour, the an high water interval is two hours 58 minutes, mean
spring rise 6.5m, neap rise is 4.87m. e main range of tide at Kunsan is
4.6m, the spring range 5.8m. At this anchorage off the oating piers the
flood tidal current funs for about 5½ knots. The slack lasts about 15
nutes. Near the northwestern end of the anchorage the flood current
attains a maximum of out 3 knots and three hours after low channel,
attaining a velocity of about 4 knots and ur hours after high water at
Jug-Do. Near the entrance of the south channel the slack curs about 30
minutes after high water at Jug-Do and about 50 minutes after low
water. the vicinity of the POL pier the current sometimes reaches a
velocity of from 6 to 8 ots. A tidal observation station marked by a
red light is located at about 926m westnorth stward of Minya-Am beacon.
The
prevailing winds are between northeast and northwest in the winter and
between southeast and southwest in summer. Rainfalls are an average of
104 days a year, normally the rainy months are July and August. Fog is
most prevalent during June and July. It sometimes lasts for several
days, but is usually of a short duration.
|
| 4)
PILOTAGE |
| |
Pilotage is compulsory. The pilot picks up near
Bieung-Do about 21km from Kunsan at 2 hours prior to High-tide.
Pilot
cannot board during rough weather. Seven pilots are available and
should be arranged at least 24 hours in advance. Due to the constantly
changing bottom conditions vessels should not attempt to enter without
a pilot.
|
| 5)
QUARANTINE/PILOT STATION |
| |
Quarantine
anchorage/pilot station is located in the 35°59.5′N / 126°27.8′E, where
bearing 278 degrees and 2.3 miles from Myungam racon "K" inner berth,
35°58′20" N / 126°37′25" E where eastward of Jangsan-do island.
|
| 6)
ENTRANCE RESTRICTION |
| |
Kunsan
is tidal port and entrance and/or departure of deep draft vessels can
only be made at or near high water. Daylight entry and/or departure
only should be attempted.
|
| 7)
CHANNEL DEPTH |
| |
Channel
approach to inner harbour is limited and the allowable draft of the
vessel in the channel should be recently calculated as ;
The heights of water on tide table plus 4.80m of basic water in the
channel.
(for example, in case 6.53m at 14:03 hrs / 31st
December, 1998 on high tide, the allowable draft is 6.53m + 4.80m =
11.33m)
|
| 8)
INNER ANCHORAGE |
| |
There
are three anchorages within the Kunsan area of the harbour. The maximum
safe draft of the deepest is 6.4m, the other two being 5.18m and 5.5m
respectively. The diameters of these berths are slightly restricted,
but constant E-W and W-E currents should permit the use without danger
of grounding, though cross winds should be watched. Vessels need to
anchor fore and aft as there are no mooring buoys and the ground is
poor.
|
| 9)
MOORINGS |
| |
There
are four buoy moorings (between detached breakwater and quayway No. (1)
designed to accommodate a T-L tanker). Although the depth of his
mooring is five fathoms (LLW), the approach can only be made near high
water.
|
| 10)
CUSTOMS AND IMMIGRATION |
| |
The normal official working hours of the customs
and immigration services are ;
Weekday : 09 : 00 to 17 : 00 hrs.
Saturday : 09 : 00 to 13 : 00 hrs.
Clearance
of vessels by these two services, arrival and departure may be effected
outside the above hours as far as possible, provided application for
these being made during the above official hours.
|
| 11)
COMMUNICATION |
| |
Postal,
overseas telephone, cable services for crew, radio and television, are
available and ship's radars are repaired at the Kunsan port. Master of
the vessel who intends to call at Kunsan is requested to advise
information of best ETA and necessities at least twelve hours prior to
ship's arrival call by VHF CH 16 or telegram to the chief of the port
authority (KMPA, Kunsan).
|
| 12)
BERTHS FACILITIES |
| |
There
are total six alongside berths including three of new outer port
facilities. Kunsan main port is equipped with three floating piers
consisting of three large steel pontoons controlled by counter balance
weights connected with ramps adjoining the river wall. Newly
constructed outer port has total length of 525 meters new pier accom-
modating for three large vessels alongside at the same time.
The
outer harbour consist of 1, 2 and 3 piers where the range of berth
depth is about 9.0 to 9.1m on Low Tide and vessels should be kept the
draft not exceed than 9.0m for ship's safety.
Pier 1 : 3 vessels for General cargoes, Log, Sand, and grain
Pier 2 : 3 vessels for General cargoes, Log, Stone and Scrap
Pier 3 : 4 vessels for Cement, General cargoes/etc
|
| 13)
SHORE CRANE |
| |
Mobile
crane
11 units of 50-140tons of cranes are available through the stevedores.
Gantry crane
One 30 tons lifting capacity's rail crane is in Pier no.1, owned and
operated by Korea Express co., Kunsan branch. |
